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The characteristic impedance of transmission lines starts with the board stackup.

ENIG – Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold Surface Finish

Many people look at gold purely for its monetary value, but engineers see things differently: gold is exceptional due to its remarkable corrosion resistance. This property is a lifeline for PCBAs with high-reliability requirements and those operating in demanding environments. In a perfect world, function and performance would trump expense, but the reality is that…

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pcb first article inspection process

How to Choose a PCB Manufacturer

After completing the PCB layout, the next step for first-time designers will be determining how to choose a PCB manufacturer. Like most services, there’s a range of quality outcomes depending on the design requirements and allotted budget. A PCB production cobbled together across multiple manufacturing sites may save money upfront, but design stages may lack…

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The characteristic impedance of transmission lines starts with the board stackup.

Planning BOMs for a Smooth Production

It always helps to start with an ingredient list before shopping. When the only options are multiple trips to the store or buying extra (and figuring out what to do with the excess), a more measured approach to taking inventory prevents purchasing too much or too little. Lest you want to end up with a…

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Semi Conductor

Common Mode vs. Differential Mode: Cut Through the Noise

Imagine trying to have a crucial discussion, but nearby people talk loud enough to interrupt. Not only is it annoying, but it might be so disruptive as to leave all participants confused. Speaking to someone in a rabble is a recipe for miscommunication similar to what occurs in a circuit with appreciable background noise. Circuits…

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